Selon une étude européenne
menée par Ipsos mori pour l’Agence européenne pour la sécurité et la santé au
travail (OSHA), “European Opinion Poll on Occupational Safety and Health” de
Mai 2013, les causes du stress, selon les salariés, sont les réorganisations
(pour 7 salariés sur 10) et la précarité de l’emploi (72%). L’étude
apporte également une analyse par pays dont la France.
L’étude présente également les
programmes relatifs aux salariés âgés de plus de 60 ans et les perceptions les
concernant.
En voici un extrait :
1.4 Perceptions about work-related stress
Across Europe, the most common causes of work-related stress are
perceived to be job reorganisation or job insecurity, and hours worked or
workload.
When asked to choose from a list of six possible causes of work-related
stress, 7 in 10 workers select job reorganisation or job insecurity (72%).
Hours worked or workload comes next, with two-thirds (66%) of workers selecting
this. Being subjected to unacceptable behaviours such as bullying or harassment
is seen as one of the most common causes of work-related stress for 6 in 10
workers (59%),57% identify a lack of support to fulfil their role from
colleagues or superiors as a common cause of work-related stress, followed by
52% who select a lack of clarity on roles and responsibilities, and finally the
limited opportunity to manage work patterns is selected by 46% of European
workers.
It is notable that women in the workplace, those in the middle age band
(35-54) and workers in non-manual roles generally select more causes out of the
six read out than their counterpart groups. Conversely, workers in workplaces
with 10 workers or less select fewer causes of work-related stress than workers
at larger workplaces.
Job reorganisation or job insecurity is the highest-ranked cause of
work-related stress in nearly all countries, though hours worked or workload is
ranked highest in Austria, Cyprus, Iceland, Lithuania, Malta, Romania and
Spain. These two causes are ranked joint highest in Portugal, Slovenia and
Sweden. Only in Liechtenstein does another cause – unacceptable behaviours such
as bullying or harassment – rank higher than either.
Health or care workers are more likely than average to select hours
worked/workload (77%), unacceptable behaviours such as bullying and harassment
(64%) and lack of support from colleagues or superiors to fulfil their role
(61%).
Half of workers say work-related stress is common, yet more think it is
controlled well
Half of workers in Europe (51%) believe that cases of work-related
stress are common in their workplace. In Cyprus and Greece, however, more than
8 in 10 workers say stress is common (88% and 81% respectively) and in Slovenia
almost three-quarters say this (72%). Across Europe under half say work-related
stress is rare (45%).
Perceptions about work-related stress differ somewhat by gender and age.
Female workers are more likely than male workers to say that stress is common
where they work (54% vs. 49%). Workers aged 18-54 are more likely to perceive
levels of work-related stress as common (53%), compared with workers aged 55+
(44%). Health or care workers are significantly more likely than other
occupational groups to say stress is common in their workplace (61%).
A higher proportion of workers say stress is handled well at their
workplace than say it is not (54% and 41% respectively). Workers in workplaces
with 10 or fewer workers are more likely to say that work-related stress is
handled well when compared with workers in larger workplaces (60% vs. 51%). Part-time
and younger workers aged 18-34 are also both more likely than other types of
worker to say that cases of work-related stress are controlled well within
their workplace (both 57%).
There is a link between perceptions about the prevalence of work-related
stress and how well it is controlled. Seven in 10 workers across Europe who say
work-related stress is rare in their workplace also say it is controlled well
(72%). Conversely, over half (58%) of the workers who say work-related stress
is common where they work believe that it is not controlled well.
It is notable that in workplaces where workers say there are already
policies in place to make it easier to continue working up to or beyond
retirement age, around half (51%) say that work-related stress is rare;
significantly above the average (45%). Similarly, two-thirds (66%) of workers
in workplaces with these policies already in place say stress in their
organisation is handled well (contrasting with the average of 54% across Europe
who say stress is handled well).
L’étude offre également une analyse par pays. En
France :
2.1.9 France
Fieldwork: 506 telephone interviews were carried out with
full-time, part-time and self-employed workers aged 18+ in France on 14-15
December 2012 as part of an omnibus survey where data on a variety of subjects
is collected in the same interview.
The poll is based on a sample of workers, rather than the entire
population. The results are therefore subject to sampling tolerances, and only
those differences between groups of workers that are statistically significant
are presented in this report. In addition, it is important to bear in mind that
the research deals with perceptions rather than facts. For further information,
please refer to the technical summary in section 3.1.
Job
reorganisation or job insecurity is perceived to be the most common cause of
work-related stress
When asked to choose from a list of six possible
causes of work-related stress, 8 in 10 workers in France (80%) select job
reorganisation or job insecurity, and as many as 86% of 35-54 year-olds. The
next most common perceived causes of work-related stress are unacceptable
behaviours such as bullying or harassment, and hours worked or workload,
selected by 73% and 69% of workers respectively. Health or care workers are
significantly more likely than average to say hours worked or workload is a
common cause of work-related stress, with 84% selecting it.
Across Europe as a whole, job reorganisation or job
insecurity is also perceived to be the most common cause of work-related
stress, with 72% selecting it, followed by hours worked or workload (66%).
Half of workers say work-related stress is common, but
most believe it is controlled well
Half of workers in France (49%) believe cases of
work-related stress are common in their workplace, similar to the 51% of
workers saying this across Europe, with as many workers in France saying such
cases are rare (48%). Younger workers in France aged 18-34 are more likely
(54%) than older workers aged 55+ (38%) to say work-related stress is common in
their workplace. Six in 10 (57%) of workers in sites with more than 50
employees say work-related stress is common, but only 36% of workers in
workplaces with 10 or fewer employees say the same.
Despite this, over half of all workers (56%) say that work-related
stress is handled well in their workplace, though around 4 in 10 (42%)
disagree. This is similar to the situation across Europe where the
corresponding figures are 54% and 41%. Only one-third (32%) of workers in
France who say that work-related stress is common in their workplace also
believe it is well controlled, while 8 in 10 (79%) of those who say
work-related is rare in their workplace say it is controlled well. Part-time
workers are more likely to say work-related stress is controlled well in their
workplace than full-time workers (61% vs. 54%).
Pour lire l’étude complète, cliquer ici
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